SudaMediCa, The Sudanese Medical Community

. Movement of fluids from the interstitial space to plasma is due to:
a) Blood pressure in the capillaries
b) Plasma Na+ concentration
c) Plasma K+ concentration
d) Plasma protein concentration
e) Plasma pH

The following are major constituents of the intracellular fluid except:
a) Ca2+
b) Phosphates
c) Chloride
d) K+
e) Proteins

. Osmolality of the extracellular fluid:
a) Is 160-300 msom/L
b) Is not affected by glucose concentration
c) Is more than the osmolality of the intracellular fluid
d) Is mainly due to Na+ salts
e) Is greatly increased by hyperkalaemia

. Intravenous infusion of 1 liter of which of the following solutions will lead to the largest increase in ECF volume?
a) Distilled water
b) Isotonic NaCl
c) Hypotonic NaCl
d) Hypertonic NaCl
e) Isotonic urea

1. D
2. B
3. A
4. D

1.d) Plasma protein concentration so its decrease cause edema.
2.c) Chloride this is the major anion extracellular.
3.d) Is mainly due to Na+ salts the major cation extracellular.
4.d) Hypertonic NaCl as urea is ineffective osmolol.