Osteoporosis

[meme nony]

Osteoporosis: causes

Risk factors
•family history
•female sex
•increasing age
•deficient diet
•sedentary lifestyle
•smoking
•premature menopause
•low body weight
•Caucasians and Asians

Diseases which predispose
•endocrine: glucocorticoid excess (e.g. Cushing's, steroid therapy), hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism (e.g. Turner's, testosterone deficiency), growth hormone deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, diabetes mellitus
•multiple myeloma, lymphoma
•gastrointestinal problems: inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorption (e.g. Coeliacs), gastrectomy, liver disease
•rheumatoid arthritis
•long term heparin therapy*
•chronic renal failure
•osteogenesis imperfecta, homocystinuria

*research is ongoing as to whether warfarin is a risk factor